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Pesticide Toxicity
Extrapolation Values

These extrapolation factors are ordered by estimation error potential from best to worse. When several species are listed, apply the factor to the geometric mean of the species LD50 values.

Species

Number
Tested

Extrapolation
Factor

95th
Percentile

5th
Percentile

Red-winged Blackbird

67

3.95

10.62

1.47

Red-billed Quelea

22

3.63

10.92

1.20

Bobwhite Quail and Japanese Quail

36

8.05

27.97

2.32

Bobwhite Quail and Japanese Quail and Mallard Duck

32

8.94

34.85

2.29

Japanese Quail

61

10.36

44.96

2.39

Japanese Quail and Mallard Duck and House Sparrow

46

8.37

37.51

1.87

Japanese Quail and Mallard Duck

56

10.41

58.93

1.84

European Starling and Red-winged Blackbird

57

5.63

32.37

0.98

Bobwhite Quail and Mallard Duck

40

9.61

60.12

1.54

Bobwhite Quail

42

8.61

63.08

1.17

Ring-necked Pheasant

66

9.41

71.05

1.25

European Starling

59

11.82

91.32

1.53

Mallard Duck

67

10.38

114.0

0.95

Chicken

37

19.75

274.31

1.42


To Determine Pesticide Toxicity

By using an available single species LD50 and dividing this value by the species-specific factors provided in the table above, you can derive an acute toxicity reference value directly comparable to the values given here. Once again, we urge caution. A single toxicity value is not much on which to base the toxicity of the pesticide in question to birds at large.

How to Cite this Data

Please use the following citation when referring to this document:
Mineau, P., A. Baril, B.T. Collins , J. Duffe, G. Joerman, R. Luttik. 2001. Reference values for comparing the acute toxicity of pesticides to birds. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 170:13-74.

 
Copyright © 2007 American Bird Conservancy. All Rights Reserved